TextbookTopics treated in CD-ROM Tutorials
Playing times are noted for each section.
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Corrosion Protection- 21' 1-1 Wooden wheels 1-2 Tension-spoked wheel 1-3 Wheel building 1-4 Radial vs. tangential spoking 1-5 Spoke attachment 1-6 Cyclic loading of spokes 1-7 Stainless vs. carbon steel 4'51" 2-1 Corrosion of iron 2-2 Oxygen-concentration cell 2-3 Pitting corrosion 2-4 Galvanic protection 2-5 Galvanic series 2-6 Sacrificial anode 2-7 Galvanized steel 2-8 Chromium plating 2-9 Perforation and pitting 2-10 Passivation 2-11 Stainless steel 10'17" 3-1 Substitutional solid solution 3-2 Interstitial solid solution 3-3 BCC structure 3-4 Definition of a phase 3-5 FCC structure 3-6 Austenitic stainless steel 3-7 Chromium carbide 5'54" |
Mechanical Behavior- 35.3' 1-1 Small-scale vs. large-scale deform'n 1-2 Wire drawing 1-3 The tensile test 1-4 Engineering vs. true stress 1-5 Engineering vs. true strain 1-6 Shear stress, strain 6'36" 2-1 Hooke's law 2-2 Young's moduli 2-3 Poisson contraction 2-4 E, G, and ν 2-5 Interatomic energies 2-6 Binding-energy curve 2-7 Force-displacement curve 2-8 Elastic modulus 2-9 High vs. low E 2-10 Stored elastic energy 9'55" 3-1 Plastic yielding 3-2 Tensile test, small scale deform'n 3-3 Define yield stress 3-4 σy, stainless and carbon steel 3-5 The edge dislocation 3-6 Strain hardening 3-7 Shear stress in tensile specimen 3-8 Schmid factor 3-9 Maximum shear stress 8'26" 4-1 Tensile test, large-scale deform'n. 4-2 Necking, UTS 4-3 Necking criterion 4-4 Stainless vs. carbon steel 4-5 Rupture 4-6 Triaxial tension in neck 4-7 Tensile ductility 4-8 Wire-drawing die 4-9 Biaxial stresses 4-10 Comb'd. tension & compression 4-11 Annealed vs. cold-drawn wire 10'20" |
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Materials Structures- 19.3' 1-1 Metallography 1-2 Ginding and polishing 1-3 Etching 1-4 Metallographic microscope 1-5 Vertical illuminator 1-6 Reflection contrast 1-7 Bubble raft 1-8 High-angle grain boundaries 1-9 Low-angle grain boundaries 1-10 Non-etching boundaries 1-11 Close packing 5'57" 2-1 FCC stacking 2-2 FCC unit cell 2-3 HCP stacking 2-4 FCC, HCP metals 2-5 CP planes and directions 2-6 CP planes in FCC 2'50" 3-1 Miller indices 3-2 Intercepts 3-3 Reciprocals 3-4 (001) plane 3-5 Origin of axes 3-6 Cube planes: {100} 3-7 (111) plane 3-8 {111} planes 3-9 Fractional intercepts 3-10 (212) plane 3-11 (110), (011), (101) planes 3-12 PLANE GAME 6'37" 4-1 <100> directions 4-2 <110> directions 4-3 <111> directions 4-4 [hkl] direction & (hkl) plane 4-5 Directions in a plane 4-6 CP directions in a CP plane 4-7 Cubic crystals 4-8 FCC vs. BCC 4-9 DIRECTION GAME 3'56" |
Dislocations and Plastic Flow- 77' 1-1 Deformability vs. strength 1-2 Strain hardening 1-3 Deformation of spokes 1-4 Plastic vs. elastic def'm 1-5 Slip 1-6 Slip vector 1-7 Slip directions 1-8 Slip planes 1-9 Close-packed planes 1-10 FCC slip systems 6'45" 2-1 Kink in a rug 2-2 Edge dislocation 2-3 Burgers vector b 2-4 Extra half plane 2-5 Glide vs. climb 2-6 Positive vs. negative edge 2-7 Bubble model 2-8 Plane strain: edge 2-9 Anti-plane strain 2-10 Screw dislocation 2-11 Compare edge and screw 2-12 Glide of screw 2-13 Cross slip 2-14 Mixed dislocation 2-15 Definition of a dislocation 2-16 Dislocation sign; annihilation 2-17 Dislocation loop 2-18 Shear by a dln loop 2-19 Sign and b in a dln loop 10'56" 3-1 TEM 3-2 Dlns in TEM 3-3 Diffraction contrast 3-4 Electron scattering by atom 3-5 Scattering by group of atoms 3-6 Reinforced scattering 3-7 Scattered beam 3-8 Bragg's law 3-9 Scattering at a dln 3-10 Dln motion in TEM 14'45" 4-1 Peierls stress 4-2 Slip in BCC 4-3 Ionic & covalent crystals 4-4 Strain hardening & dlns 4-5 Grain-size effect 4-6 Solid-solution hardening 4-7 Precipitation hardening 6'18" 5-1 Stress fields of dlns 5-2 Definition of stress field 5-3 Stress at a point 5-4 Components of stress 5-5 Normal vs. shear stresses 5-6 Normal stresses 5-7 Shear stresses 5-8 Nine components 5-9 Six independent components 5-10 Equilibrium condition 5-11 Hydrostatic compression 5-12 Stress field of screw dln 1 5-13 Stress field of screw dln 2 5-14 Stress field of screw dln 3 5-15 Cartesian vs. cylindrical coord. 5-16 τθz=Gb/2πr 5-17 Screw dln vs. substitutional solute 5-18 Stress field of edge dln 1 5-19 Stress field of edge dln 2 5-20 Stress field of edge dln 3 5-21 Stress field of edge dln 4 5-22 Interactions of edge dlns 5-23 Edge dln vs. substitutional solute 1 5-24 Edge dln vs. substitutional solute 2 5-25 b of mixed dln 20'40" 6-1 Elastic strain energy 6-2 Energy of screw dln I 6-3 Energy of screw dln II 6-4 SE/L=Gb2 6-5 Energy of edge dln 6-6 Dln bowing 6-7 Line tension 5'30" 7-1 Dislocation density 7-2 Dislocation interactions 7-3 Parabolic hardening 7-4 Plastic strain & dln density I 7-5 Plastic strain & dln density II 7-6 Plastic strain & dln density III 7-7 Plastic strain & dln density IV 7-8 Necessity of dln multiplication 7-9 Multiplication mechanism 7-10 Force on a dln I 7-11 Force on a dln II 7-12 F/L=τ’Ä¢b 7-13 Line tension = Gb2 7-14 Loop bowing I 7-15 Loop bowing II 7-16 Loop bowing III 7-17 Frank-Read source I 7-18 Frank-Read source II 7-19 F-R sources in TEM 7-20 Dln source in grain boundary 7-21 Double cross slip 7-22 Double cross slip and F-R source 7-23 Dln density vs. dln spacing 7-24 Flow stress ’âà ρ1/2 ’âà εpl1/2 7-25 Parabolic vs. linear hardening 12' |
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Annealing- 57' 1-1 Wire drawing 1-2 Strain hardening 1-3 Cold-worked state 1-4 Energy, enthalpy 1-5 Spontaneous reaction 1-6 Order vs. disorder 1-7 Entropy 1-8 Gibbs free energy 1-9 Stored energy of CW 7'50" 2-1 Hardness test 2-2 Rockwell hardness 2-3 Recrystallization 2-4 Strain-free grains 2-5 Nucleation of new grain 2-6 Growth of new grains 2-7 Temperature dependence 2-8 Maxwell-Boltzmann dist'n 2-9 Exponential dependence 2-10 Reaction rate 2-11 Arrhenius equation 2-12 Activation energy 2-13 S-curve 2-14 Recrystallization temperature 10'10" 3-1 Recovery 3-2 Dislocation climb 3-3 Electrical resistivity 3-4 Eq'm vacancy conc'n 3-5 Entropy effect 3-6 G=H-TS 3-7 Boltzmann entropy 3-8 Microstates 3-9 Microstates/macrostate 3-10 S=klnW 3-11 dG/dn = 0 3-12 Hf , Vacancy conc'n 3-13 Cu at 1000K 3-14 Vacancy sources, sinks 3-15 Kinetics of recovery 3-16 Effect of temperature 3-17 Driving force for recovery 15'20" 4-1 Grain growth 4-2 Soap-cell growth 4-3 Bubble pressure 4-4 Mechanism of GG 4-5 Atom neighbors in GB 4-6 GB triple junctions 4-7 E'qm at triple junct. 4-8 GB curvature 4-9 Growth vs shrinkage 4-10 Kinetics of GG 4-11 Parabolic growth 4-12 Solute effects 4-13 Desegregation 4-14 Particle effects 4-15 GB pinning 4-16 Particle coarsening 4-17 Hardness vs. GG 4-18 Σ of annealing 14'35" 5-1 CS spoke, longi. section 5-2 Transverse section 5-3 Anneal 700ÀöC, 3h, 24h 5-4 Ferrite, carbide 5-5 Carbide coarsening 5-6 H2O droplet I 5-7 H2O droplet II 5-8 Anneal 950ÀöC, FC 5-9 Pearlite 5-10 Cold drawing of CS 8'40" |
Metal Fatigue- 34' 1-1 BCC iron 1-2 Slip systems 1-3 Screw dln mobility 1-4 Toughness 1-5 Cleavage fracture 5' 2-1 Solute atoms 2-2 Solutes vs. dlns 2-3 Substitutional solutes 2-4 Solid-solution strengthening 2-5 Interstitials in FCC 2-6 Interstitials in BCC 2-7 Interstitials vs. screw dlns in BCC 5'28" 3-1 Solute segregation 3-2 Interstitial diffusion 3-3 Dislocation pinning 3-4 Discontinuous yielding 3-5 Lˆºders bands 3-6 Decarburization 3-7 Strain-aging 3-8 Upper, lower yield stress 3-9 Substitutional diffusion 3-10 Diffusion coefficient 7'33" 4-1 Fatigue failure 4-2 Coffin-Manson law 4-3 Persistent slip bands 4-4 Stress concentrations 4-5 Pedal stems 4-6 Fatigue fracture surface 4-7 Plastic blunting 4-8 Critical-size crack 4-9 Rotating-beam test 4-10 S-N diagram 4-11 Scatter in N 4-12 Failure control 4-13 Surface hardening 4 14 Fatigue design 4-15 Variable loading 14'35" 5-1 Loading of spokes 5-2 Spoke failure 5-3 Fracture surface 5-4 Fatigue striations 5-5 Fatigue limit 5-6 Role of dln pinning 5-7 CS vs. SS spokes 5-8 Corrosion protection 5' |
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Phase Diagrams- 79.3' 1-1 Brazing 1-2 Soldering 1-3 Wetting 1-4 Wetting agent 1-5 Contact angle 1-6 Surface energy 1-7 Surface tension 1-8 Equilibrium shape 1-9 To promote wetting 1-10 Flux 1-11 Capillary action 1-12 Brazing clearance 9'36" 2-1 Melting temperature 2-2 Road salt 2-3 NaCl + H2O 2-4 CaCl2 + H2O 2-5 Phases 2-6 Two-phase mixtures 2-7 Eutectic reaction 2-8 Solid+liquid slush 2-9 Phase diagrams 2-10 NaCl vs. H2O 7'36" 3-1 Simple eutectic 3-2 Solid phases 3-3 Solid solutions 3-4 Liquid solutions 3-5 Miscibility of metals 3-6 Atom-size effect 3-7 Intermetallic compounds 3-8 Two-phase regions 3-9 Solubility limit 3-10 Saturated α 3-11 Sugar + H2O 3-12 Solubility of α in β 3-13 Tie line 3-14 Alloy composition 3-15 Lever rule 3-16 Relative amounts of α & β 3-17 Wt% vs. At% 3-18 Eutectic freezing 3-19 Eutectic microstructure 3-20 Composition of each phase 3-21 Amount of each phase 16'20" 4-1 Eutectic morphology 4-2 Three-phase equilibrium 4-3 Mushy α + liquid 4-4 Solidification 4-5 Dendrites 4-6 Use of lever rule 4-7 Liquidus and solidus 4-8 Eutectic solidification 4-9 Primary α 4-10 Precipitation of α in β 4-11 Hypoeutectic vs hypereutectic 4-12 Recap simple eutectic 11' 5-1 Pb-Sn diagram 5-2 Cooling curves 5-3 Eutectic alloy 5-4 α & β in eutectic 5-5 Lamellar microstructure 5-6 Solute redistribution 5-7 Eutectic cells 5-8 Pb-30%Sn alloy 5-9 Freezing of Pb-30%Sn 5-10 Freezing continued 5-11 Primary α vs. eutectic α 10'20" 6-1 Dendritic morpholgy 6-2 Interface stability 6-3 Stability continued 6-4 Examples of dendrites 6-5 Eutectic divorcement 6-6 Pb-10%Sn alloy 6-7 Slow cooling of Pb-10%Sn 6-8 Finding the solvus line 6-9 Normal cooling of Pb-30%Sn 6-10 Non-equilibrium eutectic 6-11 Non-equilibrium solidus 6-12 Sterling silver 6-13 Pb-90%Sn alloy 11'6" 7-1 Two-phase equilibrium 7-2 Chemical potential 7-3 C(P-1) equations 7-4 T, p, & compostion 7-5 P(C-1)+2 variables 7-6 Degrees of freedom 7-7 Phase rule 7-8 Three-phase equilibrium 7-9 Checking phase diagrams 7' 8-1 Brazing bike frames 8-2 Pb-Sn 8-3 Creep 8-4 Ag-Cu alloys 8-5 Lugs for brazing 8-6 Cu-Zn alloys 8-7 Cu-40%Zn 8-8 Brazed joint 8-9 Microstructure of joint 8-10 Ordering of &beta brass 8-11 Furnace brazing 8-12 Fillet brazing 6'24" |
Carbon Steels- 37' 1-1 Carbon-steel microstructure 1-2 Kinetics 1-3 Furnace-cooled spoke 1-4 Ferrite & pearlite 1-5 Fe-C phase diagram 1-6 Steels 1-7 Graphite 1-8 Cementite 1-9 Fe-Fe3C diagram 1-10 Eutectoid transformation 1-11 Austenitization 1-12 Hypoeutectoid steel 1-13 Proeutectoid ferrite 1-14 FC 1040 microstructure 1-15 Prior-austenite gb 1-16 Pearlite growth 9' 2-1 Driving force 2-2 Diffusion kinetics 2-3 Transformation diagram 2-4 IT diagram 2-5 1080 IT diagram 2-6 Pearlite formation 2-7 S-curve 2-8 G vs T diagram for γ 2-9 G vs T for α+Fe3C 2-10 Driving-force limitation 2-11 Diffusion limitation 2-12 C-curve 2-13 Pearlite spacing 2-14 Upper bainite 2-15 Lower bainite 2-16 1040 IT diagram 2-17 Ferrite-start curve 2-18 Transformation at 750ÀöC 2-19 Transformation at 675ÀöC 2-20 Kinetics of ferrite growth 12' 3-1 Continuous cooling 3-2 CT diagram 3-3 Dilatometer 3-4 Dilatometer curve 3-5 DTA curve 3-6 1080 steel wire experiment 3-7 Jominy bar 3-8 Jominy bar and CT diagram 3-9 Finding the Ps point 3-10 1040 steel CT diagram 3-11 FC vs AC spokes 3-12 FC curve on CT diagram 3-13 AC curve on CT diagram 3-14 Widmanstˆ§ttin ferrite 3-15 Cold-drawn 1040 9' 4-1 Martensite 4-2 FCC to BCT 4-3 Tetragonality 4-4 Driving force for martensite 4-5 Defects in martensite 4-6 Homogeneous shear 4-7 Twinning 4-8 Retained austenite 4-9 Ms & Mf vs %C 4-10 Tempering 4-11 Hardness of martensite 7' |
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Hard Materials- 79.7 1-1 Friction 1-2 Wear 1-3 Metal surfaces 1-4 Energy levels 1-5 Energy bands 1-6 Metallic bonding 1-7 Cold welding 1-8 Frictional force 1-9 Effect of hardness 1-10 Coefficient of friction 1-11 Static vs. sliding 1-12 To reduce friction 1-13 Adhesive wear 1-14 Abrasive wear 1-15 To reduce wear 1-16 Boundary lubrication 1-17 Grease and oil 1-18 Hydrodynamic lubrication 1-19 High-velocity shear 14' 2-1 Hardened steel 2-2 52100 steel 2-3 Hardness of martensite 2-4 Bicycle chain 2-5 4340 vs. 1040 steel 2-6 Hardenability 2-7 Jominy curves 2-8 Austenite stabilizers 2-9 Carbide formers 2-10 Hardness vs. toughness 2-11 Tempering 2-12 Stages of tempering 2-13 Alloy carbides 2-14 4130 steel 2-15 Precipitation hardening 2-16 Tool steels 9'24" 3-1 Quench cracking 3-2Thermal stresses 3-3 Tempered glass 3-4 Transformation stresses 3-5 Slow quenching 3-6 Retained austenite 3-7 Small vs. large parts 13' 4-1 Surface hardening 4-2 Carburizing 4-3 Hard case, tough core 4-4 Diffusion 4-5 Fick's 1st law 4-6 Mass balance 4-7 dC/dt = -dJ/dx 4-8 Fick's 2nd law 4-9 Boundary conditions 4-10 Error function 4-11 Table of erf z 4-12 Use of the table 4-13 ’àöDt 4-14 D, Q, D0 4-15 Carburizing a cog 14'50" 5-1 Cracks 5-2 Brittle fracture 5-3 Stress concentration factor 5-4 Elliptical hole 5-5 Griffith approach 5-6 Surface energy 5-7 Energy release 5-8 Energy balance 5-9 Energy vs. crack length 5-10 Critical size 5-11 LEFM 5-12 Fracture energy, G 5-13 Kc 5-14 Plane stress vs. plane strain 5-15 K1c 5-16 Strength vs. toughness 5-17 Concept of K 15'6" 6-1 Ceramics 6-2 Brittleness 6-3 Covalent crystals 6-4 Ionic crystals 6-5 Polycrystals 6-6 Mixed bonding 6-7 Crystal-structure rules 6-8 Making ceramics 6-9 Sintering 6-10 Grain-boundary diffusion 6-11 Driving force 6-12 Glass phase 6-13 Liquid-phase sintering 6-14 Silicates 6-15 Clay 6-16 Si3N4 6-17 α- Si3N4 6-18 β- Si3N4 6-19 Hot pressing 6-20 Ceramic bearings 13'24" |
Precipitation Hardening- 37' 1-1 Bike rims 1-2 Wilm experiment 1-3 Al-Cu system 1-4 Pptn hardening 1-5 Particle effects 1-6 Al-Li alloy TEM 1-7 Dark vs. bright field 1-8 Orowan mechanism 1-9 Multiple loops 1-10 Particle spacing 1-11 Heat treatment 1-12 Solution treatment 1-13 Homogeneous pptn 1-14 Particle strength 12'50" 2-1 Particle growth 2-2 Pptn thermodynamics 2-3 Driving force for pptn 2-4 _G of pptn 2-5 Critical radius 2-6 Particle stability 2-7 Derive r* 2-8 Undercooling effect 2-9 Hetergeneous nucleation 2-10 Grain boundary pptn 9'5" 3-1 Interfacial energy 3-2 Structural vs chemical components 3-3 Incoherent interface 3-4 Metastable ppts 3-5 GP zones 4'8" 4-1 Al-Ag system 4-2 Al-Cu GP zones 4-3 Al-Cu Θ' and Θ'' 4-4 Semi-coherent interface 4-5 Al-Cu pptn sequence 4-6 Al-Cu hardness curves 4-7 Natural aging 6'33" 5-1 Al-alloy designations 5-2 Temper designations 5-3 Al-Mg-Si system 5-4 6061-T6 alloy 4' |
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Bicycle Construction- 33' 1-1 Materials vs. geometry 1-2 Important material properties 1-3 A typical bike frame 1-4 Pin-jointed model 1-5 Extra link needed 1-6 Forces in each link 1-7 Tension, compression, bending 1-8 Axial stresses 1-9 Bending in front section 1-10 Compressive forces 1-11 Bending forces 1-12 Free-body model 1-13 Bending-moment diagram 12'43" 2-1 Stresses in bent beam 2-2 Pure bending 2-3 Bending-moments 2-4 I-beams, tubes, etc. 2-5 Stress distribution 2-6 Bending moment vs. depth 2-7 Integrated bending moment 2-8 I, moment of inertia 2-9 Strain distribution 2-10 σ=My/I,σmax=Mh/2I 2-11 I of rectangular beam 2-12 I of cylinder 2-13 I for tube 13'26" 3-1 I of front section 3-2 Stresses in front section 3-3 Stressed in impact 3-4 Bottom-bracket shell 3-5 Bending stress 3-6 Consequences of bending 5'40" 4-1 Frame materials 4-2 Joining of tubes 4-3 Tube design 4-4 Stiffness vs. diameter 4-5 Properties of frame alloys 4' 5-1 Brazing with Cu-40Zn 5-2 Low-carbon steel 5-3 Cr-Mo steel 5-4 Compare tube thickness 5-5 Lugs 5-6 Investment casting 5-7 Porosity in castings 5-8 Lug from sheet steel 5-9 TIG welding 5-10 Lack-of-penetration defect 5-11 Microstructure of Cr-Mo steel 5-12 Microstructure of HAZ 5-13 Butted tubing 10'40" 6-1 Aluminum-alloy tubes 6-2 Use of adhesive bonding 6-3 Advantages of Al alloys 6-4 HAZ in TIG-welded Al 6-5 Need for post-weld heat treat 6-6 Example of LOP defect 6-7 Advantages of Ti-alloy 6-8 Allotropic transformation in Ti 6-9 Furnace-cooled Ti-3Al-2.5V 6-10 α and β stabilizers 6-11 α/β microstructure 6-12 Cold-drawn Ti-3Al-2.5V 6-13 TIG welding Ti alloys 6-14 Weld-joint microstructure 6-15 Bonded multi-material frame 10' |
Polymers- 40.3' 1-1 Tires 1-2 Rubber 1-3 Elastomers 1-4 Polyethylene 1-5 Polymer melt 1-6 Paraffins 1-7 Plastic behavior 1-8 Glassy behavior 1-9 Thermoplastic 1-10 Injection molding 7'6" 2-1 PE polymerization initiation 2-2 Addition polymerization 2-3 Viscosity of a linear polymer 2-4 Molecular weight 2-5 Melting, freezing 2-6 Crystallization of PE 2-7 Spherulites 2-8 HDPE vs LDPE 2-9 Branching 2-10 Volume vs. temperature 2-11 Glass transition 2-12 PE behavior 2-13 PS behavior 2-14 PS glass transition 2-15 Viscous behavior 13'40" 3-1 Viscoelasticity 3-2 Voight model, creep 3-3 Maxwell model, stress relaxation 3-4 Strain rate effects 3-5 Viscoelastic modulus 3-6 VE modulus vs. temperature 3-7 PS as a vinyl polymer 3-8 Tacticity 3-9 Amorphous vs. crystalline PS 3-10 Cross links 3-11 Effect of cross links 3-12 Elastomeric behavior 3-13 Entropy vs. enthalpy 3-14 Elastomeric restoring force 12'18" 4-1 Conjugated dienes 4-2 Effects of double bonds 4-3 Cis vs. trans 4-4 Gutta percha 4-5 Vulcanization 4-6 Thermosets 4-7 Effect of ozone on rubber 4-8 Synthetic rubbers 4-9 Crystallization in rubber 4-10 Heat effects in rubber elasticity 7'30" |
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Composites- 67' 1-1 Fiber reinforced composites 1-2 Single fiber 1-3 Bonded fibers 1-4 Fiber vs. matrix 1-5 Continuous fibers 1-6 Composite modulus 1-7 Longitudinal loading 1-8 Stress distribution 1-9 Rule of mixtures 1-10 Design of stiffness 1-11 Transverse loading 1-12 Strain distribution 1-13 Bounds of moduli 1-14 Wood, plywood 1-15 Crack arrest in matrix 1-16 Short fibers 1-17 Discontinuous fibers 1-18 Single-fiber model 1-19 Fiber loading 1-20 Stick model 1-21 Transfer length 16' 2-1 Natural fibers 2-2 Collagen 2-3 Cellulose acetate 2-4 Rayon 2-5 Nylon 2-6 Cold drawing 2-7 Hydrogen bonding 2-8 Kevlar I 2-9 Kevlar II 2-10 Graphitizing polymers 2-11 Graphite fibers 2-12 Graphite-fiber composites 2-13 Comparison of fibers 2-14 Spectra 11' 3-1 Silica-based glass 3-2 Si3O44- tetrahedron 3-3 Fused quartz 3-4 Network modifiers 3-5 Pyrex 3-6 Thermal shock 3-7 Glass fibers 3-8 Neck-less drawing 3-9 Freshly drawn fibers 3-10 Stress in bent fibers 3-11 Surface damage 3-12 Surface protection 3-13 Piano wire 3-14 Patenting 3-15 Steel tire cord 12' 4-1 Network polymers 4-2 Bakelite I 4-3 Bakelite II 4-4 Bakelite III 4-5 Hard rubber 4-6 Epoxy prepolymer 4-7 Curing of epoxy 4-8 Epoxy resins 4-9 Glassy behavior 7' 5-1 Adhesive joints 5-2 Adhesive bonding 5-3 Joint strength 5-4 Surface preparation I 5-5 Surface preparation II 5-6 Loading of joints 5-7 Pre-mixed epoxies 5-8 Curing reactions 4' 6-1 CFRP composites 6-2 CFRP bike frame 6-3 Bonded joint in frame 6-4 Al-Si casting I 6-5 Al-Si casting II 6-6 Al-Si casting III 6-7 SEM of epoxy adhesive 6-8 SEM operation 6-9 Depth of focus 6-10 Back-scattered image 6-11 X-ray analysis 6-12 X-ray map 6-13 Filler in epoxy 6-14 Porosity in epoxy 6-15 CFRP tube 6-16 Fiber lay-up 6-17 Tube design 6-18 Tube construction 6-19 Frame design 6-20 CFRP brittleness 6-21 Damage tolerance 6-22 Monocoque frames 6-23 Lotus pursuit bike 6-24 CFRP wheels 6-25 DuPont wheel 17' |
Tires- 48' 1-1 Tires as composites 1-2 Functions of tires I 1-3 Functions of tires II 1-4 Treads 1-5 Belts, plies, beads, and sidewalls 1-6 Liner, apex, shoulder belt 5' 2-1 Tire-cord materials 2-2 Polyesters 2-3 PET 2-4 Cord yarn 2-5 Cord fabric 2-6 Calendering 2-7 Steel-wire cord 2-8 Brass plating of steel wire 4' 3-1 Polymers for tires 3-2 Bulk polymerization of dienes I 3-3 Bulk polymerization of dienes II 3-4 Emulsion polymerization I 3-5 Emulsion polymerization II 3-6 Emulsion polymerization III 3-7 Styrene butadiene rubber SBR 3-8 Role of styrene 3-9 SBR random copolymers 3-10 Reactivity ratios I 3-11 Reactivity ratios II 3-12 Conversion limit of SBR 3-13 Butyl rubber 3-14 Cationic polymerization I 3-15 Cationic polymerization II 11' 4-1 Modifiers 4-2 Polymer blends for tires 4-3 Isomers of polybutadiene 4-4 Importance of Tg 3' 5-1 Stabilizers 5-2 Importance of sulfur content 5-3 Antioxidents 5-4 Carbon black 5-5 Nanoscale dispersion of black 5-6 Structure of black 5-7 Furnace black 5-8 Bonding of rubber to black 5-9 Reinforcement by black 5-10 Strain softening 5-11 Tread-wear resistance 5-12 Silica filler 8' 6-1 Vulcanization of NR 6-2 Effects of vulcanization 6-3 Scorch time 6-4 Accelerated vulcanization I 6-5 Accelerated vulcanization II 6-6 Accelerator reaction 6-7 Delayed action 6-8 Cu-S bonding 6-9 Sulfur/accelerator ratio 7' 7-1 Mixing 7-2 Blending 7-3 Incorporation 7-4 Processing after mixing 7-5 Extrusion 7-6 Tire molding 5' 8-1 Block copolymers 8-2 Phase separation 8-3 Thermoplastic elastomers 8-4 Microstructures 8-5 Anionic polymerization 8-6 Living ends 8-7 PS-PB-PS triblock copolymers 5' |
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Flexible Connective Tissue- 42' 1-1 Introduction 1-2 Knee joint 1-3 Synovial capsule 1-4 Synovial fluid 1-5 Articular cartilage 4' 2-1 Cartilage microstructure 2-2 Collagen/polypeptides 2-3 Amino acids 2-4 Polypeptide structure 2-5 Polypeptide chains 2-6 Amino acids in collagen 2-7 Type-II collagen 2-8 Staggered chains and cross links 2-9 Zones of cartilage 2-10 Deep zone 2-11 Ground substance 2-12 Role of proteoglycans 2-13 Recap of cartilage microstructure 2-14 Ion transport in cartilage 2-15 Viscoelasticity in cartilage 2-16 Health of cartilage 2-17 Stiffness variation 2-18 Lack of healing response 16' 3-1 The menisci 3-2 Microstructure of meniscus 3-3 Behavior of meniscus 3-4 Variation of properties 3-5 Poor healing response 4' 4-1 Quadriceps/patella tendon 4-2 Microstructure of tendon 4-3 Fibroblast 4-4 Mitochondria 4-5 Architecture of tendon 4-6 Sheathed tendon 4-7 Straight tendon 4-8 Tensile behavior 4-9 Variability of tendon 4-10 Viscoelastic behavior 4-11 Dependence on age 4-12 Types of injury 4-13 Rupture of tendon 4-14 Healing of tendon 4-15 Avascular tendons 10' 5-1 Ligaments in knee 5-2 Elastin 5-3 Fascicle configuration 5-4 Insertion into bone 5-5 Tensile behavior 5-6 Stress-strain curve 5-7 Viscoelastic behavior 5-8 Tensile properties 5-9 Effect of immobilization I 5-10 Effect of immobilization II 5-11 Injuries 5-12 Healing of MCL & LCL 5-13 Repair of ACL & PCL 8' |
Rigid Connective Tissue: Bone- 35' 1-1 Skeletal bone 1-2 Calcium storage 1-3 The diaphysis 1-4 The epiphysis 3' 2-1 Microstructure 2-2 Osteoblasts 2-3 Osteocytes 2-4 Calcification 4' 3-1 Cartilage model 3-2 Development I 3-3 Development II 3-4 Development III 3-5 Development IV 4' 4-1 Remodeling I 4-2 Remodeling II 4-3 Remodeling III 4-4 Calcium regulation 4-5 Radiography of osteons 4' 5-1 Bending moment of femur 5-2 Sagittal plane 5-3 Stress-strain curve 5-4 Viscoelastic behavior 5-5 Tensile modulus 5-6 Stronger in compression 5-7 Transverse loads 5-8 Creep of bone 5-9 Creep rupture 5-10 Cyclic loading 5-11 Wolff's Law 5-12 Bone-growth mechanisms 5-13 Coffin-Manson behavior 5-14 Fatigue in compression 5-15 Fatigue cracking 5-16 Spongy bone 5-17 Elastic modulus in compression 5-18 Failure of spongy bone 13' 6-1 Bone mass vs. age 6-2 Diaphysis of femur vs. age 6-3 UTS of compact bone 6-4 Degradation of spongy bone 3' 7-1 Fracture experiments 7-2 Growth of microcracks 7-3 Transverse crack deflection 7-4 Healing of fracture I 7-5 Healing of fracture II 4' |
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Skeletal Muscle- 43' 1-1 Mechanics 1-2 Architecture 1-3 Strength 2' 1-1 Muscle fibers 2-2 Sarcomeres 2-3 Fine structure 2-4 Thick and thin filaments 2-5 Myosin and actin 2-6 Recap microstructure 4' 3-1 Actin structure 3-2 Myosin structure 3-3 Myosin head 3-4 Sarcoplasmic reticulum 3-5 ATP 3-6 Cross-bridge cycle I 3-7 Cross-bridge cycle II 3-8 Cross-bridge cycle III 3-9 Molecular motor 7' 4-1 Fuel for contraction 4-2 Anaerobic metabolism 4-3 Aerobic metabolism 4-4 Metabolism of fat 4' 5-1 Motor neurons 5-2 Muscle twitch 5-3 Fast-twitch fibers 5-4 Red vs. white muscle 5-5 Schwann cells 5-6 Synapse 5' 6-1 Action potential 6-2 Ion channels 6-3 Two gradients 6-4 Na-K ion pump 6-5 Depolarization 6-6 Repolarization 6-7 Multiple nerve impulses 6-8 Action-potential transmission 6-9 Transmission at a synapse 6-10 Fused twitches 9' 7-1 Myotendonous junction 7-2 Stress-strain curve 7-3 Muscle-force curve 7-4 Torque on a joint 7-5 Strength training I 7-6 Strength training II 7-7 Endurance training 7-8 Oxidative metabolism 6' 8-1 Contusion 8-2 Heterotopic bone 8-3 Laceration 8-4 Muscle strain 8-5 Incomplete tears 8-6 Atrophy 8-7 Benefit of stretching 8-8 Muscle soreness 8-9 Cramping 6' |
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